[Ref. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 7-23, 7-24] There are certain operational considerations common to all turbine engines : engine temperature limits Air density variation foreign object damage (FOD) hot/hung start compressor stall flameout (engine failure) Engine temperature limits Guess what, the highest temperature in any turbine engine occurs at the turbine inlet. […]
Category: Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B
Turbine Engine Instruments
[Ref. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 7-22, 7-23] When we have heard Engine instrument, what can you think of? Rightly, oil pressure, oil temperature, engine speed, exhaust gas temperature, and fuel flow are common to both turbine and reciprocating engines. However, there are some instruments that are unique to turbine engines. There are some […]
Stall strips : Stalling at the wing root first
[Ref The Pilot’s Manual PM2 Ground School Page 46, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 5-25, Wiki, Boldmethod] Stall strips is a fixed device employed on the leading edge of fixed-wing aircraft to introduce a stall prematurely Stall strips are used to initiate flow separation at chosen locations on the wing during high-angle of attack flight, they act as a warning […]
pressure-type carburetors ≠ fuel injection system
[Ref. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 7-8] This article aims to point out that pressure-type carburetors is different from fuel injection system. pressure-type carburetors ≠ fuel injection system There are two common types of carburetor System – 1) Float type and 2) Pressure type Pressure-type carburetors discharges fuel into the airstream at a […]
Wind
[Ref Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 12-7, ISBN978-1-56027-901-3] IMPORTANT Before we learn the definition of wind, please help ourselves to remember than wind has at least two component: wind SPEED wind DIRECTION Okay, so what cause wind? Uneven heating causes change in (air) density, which results in pressure gradients. Due to uneven heating […]
Weight-shift control aircraft
[Ref. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 5-13] Weight-shift control aircraft control two axes (roll and pitch) by shifting the CG. Weight-shift control aircraft is featured with an “A” frame suspended from the flexible wing attached to a three-wheeled carriage. The pilot has a horizontal bar (called a control bar) which is operated in […]
What’s “Critical AoA” / “Stalling AoA”
[Ref Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 5-3] What’s Critical AoA? Critical AOA = stalling AOA ≅ CLmax point ; Critical AoA is the AoA angle in which the wings have reached CLmax point. After reaching Critical AoA, any further increase AoA will result in the wing stalling.
Air Density
[Ref. Wiki, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 4-4] The air density, density of air or atmospheric density, denoted ρ (Greek: rho), is the mass per unit volume of Earth’s atmosphere. 3H , low(er) air density – Hot High Altitude Humid Air density changes with variation in actual height (altitude), temperature and humidity. At 1013.25 hPa […]
Tornadoes
[Ref Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 12-23] Tornadoes is literally the most violent sort of thunderstorm ! Studies show that wind in such a vortex can exceed 200 knots with pressure inside the vortex quite low. The three (3) common type of tornadoes are: “funnel cloud” – if the cloud does not reach the […]
embedded thunderstorms
[Ref Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, FAA-H-8083-25B Page 12-16] Embedded thunderstorms referring cumulonimbus or sort of extensive vertical clouds can be obscured by other cloud formations and are not always visible from the ground or while in flight. Embedded thunderstorms are likely found in warm from occlusion