[Ref HKO, AC 00-6B]
(Last Update : 2020 Apr 26 1422Z)
Turbulence is caused by rapid, irregular motion of the air / aircraft ;
Windshear is a sustained change (i.e. lasting more than a few seconds) in headwind or tailwind resulting in changes in the lift to the aircraft.
Turbulence is caused by rapid, irregular motion of the air. It brings about bumps or jolts, but does not normally influence the intended flight path of an aircraft to a large extent. However, in severe turbulence, abrupt changes in the altitude and attitude of an aircraft may occur and the pilot may momentarily lose control of the aircraft. For reporting and alerting purposes, moderate or severe turbulence is considered significant.
Wind Shear is just one of the major causes of turbulence!
Windshear is a sustained change (i.e. lasting more than a few seconds) in headwind or tailwind resulting in changes in the lift to the aircraft. A decreased lift will cause the aircraft to go below the intended flight path. A change of 15 knots or more in headwind or tailwind is considered significant windshear which may require timely and appropriate corrective action by the pilot.
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